1 题型描迖
选择题是最为常见的一种出题形式，也为广大中国考生所熟悉。在雅思A类阅读考试中 选择题主要有单选和多选两种形式，因此考生一定要看清题目说明。如果是单选题，一般是 给出四个选项，考生需要选择一个最佳选项。如果是多选题，题目会提供四个以上的选r项并 告诉考生需要选取几个正确选项。
多数情况下，选择题考查的是考生对文章细节信息的理解能力，因此考生可以根据提干 中的关键字眼，通过查读来定位答案在文中的相应位置，然后再研读目标句，选择时注意要 善于排除明显错误或文中未提及的干扰项。
2 解题步骤
- Step 1:仔细阅读题目说明，确定是单选题还是多选题。如果是单选题，迅速浏览题干， 划出关键字和信号词（容易辨认的特殊字体），并思考关键词的相关词。
- Step 2:带着关键词和信号词回到文章中迅速查读，直到找到关键词和信号词在文中的 相应位置。
- Step3:仔细研读目标句和目标段落（必要时）。
- Step 4:仔细阅读题目，选择答案。
首先阅读题目，分析是细节题还是大意题，然后再读文章。当不好作出选择时，运用排出法，去除干扰项。
3 题型示例
Questions 38~40
Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D.
Write your answers in boxes 38~40 on your answer sheet.
38.According to researchers, in the late 1980s there was a feeling that .
A. a general theory of AI would never be developed
B. original expectations of AI may not have been justified
C. a wide range of applications was close to fruition
D. more powerful computers were the key to further progress
39.In Dr Leaked opinion, the reputation of AI suffered as a result of .
A. changing perceptions
B. premature implementation
C. poorly planned projects
D. commercial pressures
40.The prospects for AI may benefit from .
A. existing AI applications
B. new business models
C. orders from internet-only companies
D. new investment priorities
分析：
38题：本题的题干中有一个非常明显的信号词late 1980s,我们回到文章中查读，定位该信号词在文中出现的段落，以下是该段：
Most researchers agree that AI peaked around 1985. A public reared on science-fiction movies and excited by the growing power of computers had high expectations. For years, AI researchers had implied that a breakthrough was just around the comer. Marvin Minsky said in 1967 that within a generation the problem of creating “artificial intelligence” would be substantially solved. Prototypes of medical-diagnosis programs and speech recognition software appeared to be making progress. It proved to be a false dawn. Thinking computers and household robots failed to materialize，and a backlash ensued. “There was undue optimism in the early 1980s，” says David Leake, a researcher at Inidana University. ‘Then when people realized these were hard problems, there was retrenchment. By the late 1980s, the term AI was being avoided by many researchers, who opted instead to align themselves with specific sub-disciplines such as neural networks, agent technology, case-based reasoning, and so on.”
首先我们找出含有1980s的句子。在本段的后半部分分别出现early 1980s和late 1980s。
文中说，“在上个世纪80年代早期弥漫着一种过度的乐观主义，但是当人们意识到存在着一 些难题后，就开始尽量避免使用AI。到了 80年代后期，许多研究者都避免使用名词AI”。在段落的开头也提到公众有着很高的期待，接着开始举例说明这些期待都是什么，但在段落 中间笔锋一转，提到it proved to be a false dawn,因为很多原来的猜想都没有实现。现在我们 再来看题目和选项。题目中说，根据研究者们所说，20世纪80年代后期有一种感觉是：A 人工智能的一般性理论永远不会有所发展;B对人工智能最初的期望可能不是那么理由充分；C广泛的应用很快就要取得成果；D更加强大的计算机是进一步发展的关键。根据我们上面对段落的分析，很明显答案是B。
39题：题干中仍然有一个大写的人名：Dr Leake。我们以它为线索词继续查读文章。紧接着下一段就出现了题目的人名。
Ironically, in some ways AI was a victim of its won success. Whenever an apparently mundane problem was solved, such as building a system that could land an aircraft unattended, the problem was deemed not to have been AI in the first place. “If it works, it can’t be AI，” as Dr Leake characterizes it. The effect of repeatedly moving the goal-posts in this way was that AI came to refer to “blue-sky” research that was still years away from commercialization. Researchers joked that AI stood for “almost implemented”. Meanwhile，the technologies that made it onto the market， such as speech recognition, language translation and decision-support software, were no longer regarded as AI. Yet all three once fell well within the umbrella of AI research.
段落开头提到“人工智能在某种程度上是它自己胜利的牺牲品。当一个看似非常平常的 问题解决后，人们也绝不会认为它属于人工智能问题”。接着DrLeake总结道：“如果问题解 决，也绝不可能是人工智能”。接着提到“这样做的后果是人工智能被认为是无价值的研究， 距离商业化还有很多年。同时一些使它走入市场的技术也不再认为是人工智能，而这些技术 曾经都属于人工智能方面的研究。”
题目中问道人工智能的名誉受损是由于：A:变化的看法；B过早的实施；C计划不周 的项目；D商业压力。答案应该是A,因为段落的首尾部分都提到人们对人工智能的态度的 转变，中间是这种转变给人工智能带来的影响，而B文中并没有提到或暗示过早的实施，C 在文中也没有提到，商业压力也没有提到。
40题：人工智能的前景可能从什么中获益：A现有的人工智能的应用；B新的商业模式；C来 自网络公司的订单；D新的投资重点。我们以the prospects for AI为线索词，接着查读， 很快在接下来的段落可以发现这样一句话：another factor that may boost the prospects for AI in the near future is that investors are now looking for firms using clever technology, rather than just a clever business model，to differentiate themselves.因此我彳门应该选D。