雅思口语考试有一些基本原则,考生需要牢记在心,并且在准备和练习的阶段不断练习,以达到炉火纯青的状态。这样,在考试的时候就可以考出应该有的甚至是比自己实际水平还高的分数。
电影话题是雅思口语考试比较高频的话题,需要考生有一定积累储备,既需要广度,能够谈及有关电影方方面面的见解,也要有深度,即对电影进行深度的描写和讨论。雅思口语13个Tips将以“电影”话题为背景展开,考生们可以举一反三,深入学习掌握雅思口语考试的技巧和高分策略。
1 与film有关的问题
1.1 Part 1
1. Do you like watching films?
2. What types of films do you like and what types of films do you dislike?
3. What kind of films did you like to watch when you were a child?
4. Do you prefer to watch films at home or in a cinema? (Why?)
1.2 Part 2
Describe a film you (recently) enjoyed watching.
You should say:
what type of film it was where you watched this film what the film was about
and explain why you enjoyed this film.
1.3 Part 3
1. Do you have any favourite film stars (or actors or actresses)? (provide information )
2. Do you and your parents like to watch the same kinds of films? (comparing)
3. What sorts of films do you think are unsuitable for children to watch? {provide information)
4. Is there any difference between the kinds of films people in China watch today and the kinds of films they watched before (for example, 20〜50 years ago)? (comparing)
5. In general, do you think films (popular movies) have any educational value? (give opinions and reasons )
6. Do you prefer to watch foreign films or domestically made (Chinese) films?( icontrast)
7. What are the most common themes of films today? (provide information )
8. Have you ever been confiised by the difference between the “academic” English you learned in school and the English used in films? (explaining)
9. Do you think watching foreign movies in English can help you (or help people) learn English? {give opinions and reasons)
10. Can you suggest some ways that the film industry could use to attract a larger audience to their films? (suggesting)
2 答题技巧和策略:雅思口语13个Tips
考官可以通过这个话题考核考生各个方面的能力。Part 1部分考核考生对电影的喜好、电 影种类、看电影的场所;Part 2部分描写一部电影;Part 3部分分别考核了: compare & contrast, give information, give opinions & reasons, suggesting, explaining 等。针对这些问题,下面将分别从雅思口语三个Part入手一一作答,并为考生列出总计13个雅思口语Tips,分享相关的学习雅思口语考试的技巧策略,以及常见的答题思路。
2.1 雅思口语Part 1
Tip 1:不要太平淡
1. Do you like watching films?
喜好(Do you like…)是一个非常高频的雅思口语考题,第一部分的很多话题都是以 这个问题引出的,如:“Do you like reading / watching TV / dancing / traveling / surfing the internet/music/flowers/birds/animals?等。但很多考生受以前英语学习习惯的影响,总 是给出最为平淡的答案,如:Do you like flowers? ”很多考生直接答:“Yes, I like flowers, I think they are beautiful.”或者是“No, I don’t like flowers.”这样的答案都会让人听起来十 分无趣。它既违背了英语不重复动词的原则,也显得句舉单一。仔细分析原因,还是考生 约束了自己的思维。其实,每个人对一个东西的喜好是i常多样的。考生不妨放开思路, 具体一点,表达出自己的细节情感,或许会更真实、更自然、效果也自然更好。如:
Well, I love flowers, especially the fragrant ones; I often buy some and put them in my bedroom,so as to make my room smell like a garden.
Not really, actually, I hate flowers, because I am allegic to many flowers. Very often, by passing by the flower shops, I may result in feeling dizzy or even having to go to the hospital.
表达好恶的结构有很多,比如:
- I like reading.
- I dislike reading.
- I enjoy reading.
- I don’t like reading.
- I love reading.
- I hate reading.
- I am keen on reading.
- I am interested in reading.
- I fancy reading.
- I am fond of reading.
- I have crush on reading.
- I am crazy about reading.
- I am addicted to reading.
- I can’t live without reading.
- Reading is my favorite.
- Reading is fun.
- I am not interested in reading.
- I am sick of reading.
- Reading is boring.
- Reading is the last thing I would like to do.
在回答这类问题的时候,需要要注意感情色彩。千万不要因为句型和表达方法不够而让 自己的答案不能表达自己的真实情感。
雅思口语的答案可以非常多样化,如:
—Yes, I do. I watch films every week, I think watching movies is one of the best entertainments.
—Frankly speaking, I am crazy about movies, especially those acted by the most well-known actors and actresses, watching those good-looking people is already very relaxing, without mentioning the complex and touching plots.
—Not really, I am not a movie goer, I think it is kind of time wasting, I have things that are much more meaningful to do.
Tip 2:肢体语言、面部表情和目光接触很重要
肢体语言、面部表情和目光接触都对交流产生非常重要的作用。由于雅思口语考核考 生的交际能力,在恰当的时候使用这些非语言的因素,能帮助考生表达自己的意思,从而 弥补词汇和语言的不足。比如在第2部分描述题中,在对形状和方位的描述时,如果语言 不够用,可以用手势结合铅笔和白纸比划,这样就可以把词汇的不足掩盖于无形之中。要 求面部表情和所用语言的感情色彩一致,暗示考官你是在用语言说话,而不是在背诵答案。 目光的接触更能体现考生的自信和对英语文化的深层理解。西方人比东方人的目光接触 多,不敢看对方眼睛会被认为是不真诚的“心虚”或不自信。因此要与考官对视,用眼睛 说话,有时候不用说考官也能明白,这样就远比纯语言的交流容易地多。只要考官感觉交 流无障碍,那么考生交际能力就得到了足够的体现。
2. What types of films do you like and what types of Hlms do you dislike?
3. What kind of films did you like to watch when you were a child?
Tip 3:善意的谎言也是必须的
雅思口语考试主要是考语言水平,评分标准不包含内容,考官对这些具体问题的答案内容也不感兴趣。因此,考试的目的是明确的,也是唯一的,即只要有助于拿高分的任何策略和内容都是可取的。不要拘泥于实际情况。况且对很多考生而言,很多问题是没有答案的。但一旦被问到,即便是编造,也要给出答案。因此,这时候的不真 实答案最多也就是善意的谎言,考生可以尽管使用。如:当被问到“what kind of sports do you like best?” 的时候,中国考生经常跳不出 basketball,football, table tennis, swimming和badminton的圈子。其实体育运动那么多,随便给一个,效果都比这5个 好,反正考官不会让你现场表演。只要能自圆其说,体现英语口语水平就无可厚非。 比如下面的答案是不是就会有趣地多。
Well, I quite like sports, but my favorite is still boxing, because I am going abroad to farther my study, so I have to learn to protect myself.(女生使用这个效果更好)
Well, quite recently, I have developed my interest in weight lifting, because it can help me to shape my body, I think with more muscles I will be more attractive to girls.
如果实在想说swimming也可以,那就建议这么说:“Well,my favorite sports is swimming, especially back stroke swimming, lying on the water, I feel like flying. It is also good to my figure.”至少让考官知道你能表达出具体的一种游泳(breast stroke,butterfly, freestyle),这样考官会从词汇角度给你加分。
又如:Do you collect anything?被过度使用的一个答案是:I collect stamps.也许这 是实话,但是这个实话绝对不会帮你拿雅思口语高分。建议给出更多选项,即便不是 真实的。如:
Well, I collect plastic bottles; I mean the soft drink containers. I have hundreds at home, I put them into different shape, which makes very good decoration for my room.
如果一时间想不起来,那就说考试的时候能看到的东西,如:pencil,shoes, pictures, t-shirt 等。因为考官根本无所谓你到底收藏什么,他们关注的是你如何用英语表达自己的业余爱好。
本话题词汇储备:
Types of Movies
第3题的回答可以是:
—I like all kinds of movies, but action movie is my favorite, especially the movies of James Bond, because every movie he acted is very exciting, you know, with very complex plot and very advanced weapons.
Tip 4:恰当地使用幽默
幽默是英语本身的一大特点。很多英语本族语使用者都十分幽默。如果能恰当地使用 幽默,必然能给考官留下深刻印象。使用幽默是英语水平的一个很具体的体现,而且幽默可以营造一个轻松的考场氛围,让考官不至于觉得监考是那么痛苦和枯燥。这样给出髙分的可能性会大大增加。如:“ What do you normally do in your spare time?”是经常被问到的一个考题。很多考生都循规蹈矩,非常诚实地给出:“In my spare time,I often go to play basket ball/ football with my friends. ”似乎所有中国考生都无其他事可做,其实,这个题目 是最容易体现答案多样性、语言个性和幽默的一个题目。这里给出几个仅供大家参考。
Well,frankly speaking,I don’t have much spare time,cos I have much work to do, but whenever I get some time off, I would go to watch a horror movie with my girlfriend, because she is really crazy about it.
Well, in my spare time, the only thing that I fancy doing is to chat with my online wife, I have a wife online,we have an e-pet and a house online, we chat a lot online,but we never meet.
Well you know, I collect teeth of all kinds of animals including human. So I spend a lot of my spare time searching for the teeth in whatever sources available.
第3题的回答也可以是:
—Well, my favorite is horror movie, actually I didn’t like it before. I found it scaring, and after 25 watching horror movies, I often have nightmares. However, unfortunately, my girl friend loves it very much, and at the very beginning I tried to pretend to be a real man, but gradually, I found it is very relaxing, and after constant screaming, all the pressure I got from work and life is released.
4. Do you prefer to watch films at home or in a cinema? (Why?)
—I much prefer to watch a movie in a cinema, because the atmosphere is much better, you know, it is very romantic with the curtains on, and also it can provide the best audio and video effect, which makes watching itself a kind of relaxation without considering the content of the movies.
—Well, as for me, watching movies at home is more comfortable. My father collects DVDs, and he has a collection of more than one thousand, so I can pick up whatever movie I like. Whafs more, every time, when I stay at home and watch a movie, my mom will cook me very tasty food.
2.2 雅思口语Part 2
Describe a film you (recently) enjoyed watching. You should say:
- what type of film it was
- where you watched this film
- what the film was about
- and explain why you enjoyed this film.
Tip 5:思路很重要
很多考生都有30秒的瓶颈问题,也就是说对任何话题都只能说到30秒左右,之后就是想一句说一句,挤牙膏似的。这必然会影响考试得分。因此,第二部分的答题思路非常 重要,这些都应该在复习准备阶段做好充分的准备,对不同类型的考题思路进行整理,并 固化下来。在考试的时候,接过卡片,马上在考官给你准备的白纸上写下答题思路。然后 好好利用1分钟的准备时间具体地看该说些什么。
比如:描写电影可以从这些方面去说:
- title
- director
- actors and actresses
- plot
- costume
- script
- comment (influence of the movie; audio and video effect etc.)
很多考生经常犯的一个错误是拿着电影就讲述电影中的故事。其实,要想用两分钟 的时间把一个电影的故事说清楚不是一件容易的事。而且即便是做到了,也不够。所以, 考试的时候应该从更多的侧面去描述这个电影,而情节部分只用简短的几句话带过就可 以了。这样做既可以保证两分钟的内容含量没有问题,还可以保证描述全面,让考官觉 得耳目一新。
Tip 6:尽可能多地说
有了思路之后,在考试的时候,就要抓住所有时间,尽可能地多说。因为在雅思口 语考试中,考生扮演的是说话者的角色,考官的主要任务则是倾听。如果考生说的话 太少,考官取样不足,考生成绩肯定不理想。尤其是Part 2和Part 3,考生的回答必 须尽可能完整、充分,对于第二部分的答案如果没说到1分钟,那是非常危险的。即便是Part 1的问题,也要尽量避免出现“一句作答”的情况,更不用说用一个词或一个词组来回答了。总之,考生要抓住一切机会和时间说话,给考官一个流畅的感觉,才有希望拿高分。在流畅与精确不能同时兼顾的时候,宁可先保证流畅,偶尔错一点, 只要不影响交流是允许的。如果仔细研读评分标准,会发现即便是7分也是可以出错的,只要不影响交流就可以了。
本话题词汇储备:
有了上面的词汇储备,加上描述思路,描述一部电影就变得容易了。考试的时候,可以对着白纸上写的关键词进行描述。
本题的回答可以是:
Title: Well, I would like to describe a movie I have just watched last weekend. The title is Avatar.
Director: It is a 2009 American science fiction epic film written and directed by James-Cameron , who has been world-wide known since the Titanic.
Actors and actresses: I would say another reason that I chose to watch the movie is because it is acted by some of my favorite stars, such as Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana, Sigourney Weaver, Michelle Rodriguez and Stephen Lang.
Plot: The film is set in the year 2154 on Pandora, a moon in the Alpha Centauri star system. Humans are engaged in mining Pandora^ reserves of a precious mineral, called unobtanium, while the Na’vi——a race of indigenous humanoids—resist the colonists’ expansion, which threatens the continued existence of the Na?vi and the Pandoran ecosystem. Therefore, a war between human and Na’vi happened.
Comment: Actually, I am not a movie goer, but I was fascinated by this movie, you know, I watched the 3D version,I would say, it gets the best video effect, it felt so real, as if I am in the movie, so I was so involved.
Tip 7:真实交际非常重要
为了准备考试,对部分答案进行背诵是值得提倡的,但是在考试的时候就要借用表 演技能了,不能让考官感觉你在背诵。一旦考官发现考生对当前所谈论的topic有所准 备,就会立刻转移话题。所以,预测考试将要出现的topic并进行准备虽然必要,但考 生并不应该死记硬背某个固定的答案,尤其不能给考官造成“背诵答案”的印象。除 了上面讲的要充分利用肢体语言、面部表情和目光接触外。也要注意适当的停顿和思 考,给考官真实的感觉。将心里的答案无形地给考官表达出来。总之,无论内容是否 真实,无论问题是否简单,都要和考官对话,讨论和交流。千万不要只顾自己说话, 忘记和考官的真实交流。
TIP8:保持鴒#
Tip 8:保持镇静
在口语考试的时候经常会出现一些突发情况,尤其是在第三部分,经常会碰到所考话 题太陌生或某个表达法不会。在面对这些问题的时候,一定要镇定自若。如果遇到自己不 太熟悉或者根本一无所知的话题,考生应该说明自己对这一领域的陌生并尽可能的告诉考 官自己所知道的一切,设法将话题转移到自己熟悉的领域,无论接下来的发言与话题是否 相关,总比一言不发的效果好得多。在思索答案的时候,考生应该学会采取一些拖延时间 的策略。毕竟考核的核心是语言而不是内容。如考官问你:“What flowers get special meaning in China?”不懂花,不能成为你雅思考低分的原因。但要巧妙处理问题,转移困难的核心。
考生大可以坦然告诉考官对花语了解甚少,但对某一种花有所了解,然后将自己知道的部 分用恰当的语言表达出来就可以了。考官看的是你如何表达自己知道的内容,不会因为你 不懂花而为难你。况且,生僻的话题绝对是少数。
除了话题陌生外,还有一种情况就是突然想不起某个词或者根本不知道某个表达法 该怎么说。这个时候,一定要结合非语言的手段,用迂回的方式表达出要表达的意思。 不要告诉考官你不知道,将这个语言的不足隐藏好就可以了。如考instrument的时候有 人想说自己会弹古筝。可是不知道该怎么表达这种乐器,只好放弃。其实大可不必。你 完全可以说:“I quite like guzheng,which is 21 string traditional Chinese instrument.” 考官 一听就明白了。虽然他不一定知道古筝,但他知道是21弦的乐器。考官会为你的生词处 理技巧加分的。
2.3 雅思口语Part 3
1. Do you have any favourite film stars (or actors or actresses)? (provide information)
—Yes, my favourite movie star is Jackie Chen, who is a Kungfu movie star, I like him because he combined serious Chinese Kungfu with humor, and played a significant role in improving Chinese Kungfu and movie making. I like him also because he is a great person in real life, he did a lot of work for charity. So in my mind, he is a real hero, like the ones he acted in his movies.
2. Do you and your parents like to watch the same kinds of films? (comparing、
—Well, not really, although I hope so. My parents and I are two generations, grown up in very different environment. My generation is called “Digital Generation”,so I like the movies
with the best audio and video effect, while my parents enjoy something more emotional and
patriotic, or I may say, they focus more on the plot.
3. What sorts of films do you think are unsuitable for children to watch? (.provide information )
—Generally speaking, it is hard to have a clear cut for what is suitable for children and what is not. But the movies with too much violence and pom are definitely unsuitable, because children tend to believe what they see and hear real, they might be misled easily.
4. Is there any difference between the kinds of films people in China watch today and the kinds of films they watched before (for example, 20〜50 years ago)? (.comparing^
一Well, I guess there are many differences, such as themes, variety and technique used for movie making. 50 years ago, the themes of movies were only patriotic, but today, there are more themes, and also many technologies have been used in movie making nowadays.
5. In general, do you think films (popular movies) have any educational value? (give opinions and reasons)
—Sure, for example, there are a lot of movies about global warming, which shock and scare the audience, and eventually raise peopled awareness of environment protection. And for another example, many action movies show us the result of committing crimes, which also warn the public do not take risks.
6. Do you prefer to watch foreign films or domestically made (Chinese) films?
—Well, I think both have their advantages, but if I have to choose one, I would say I prefer foreign films, especially Hollywood movies, because they provide very good video effect, which is very entertaining and eye-catching.
7. What are the most common themes of films today? (^providing information )
—Well, it is hard to say, because the movie industry has developed greatly in the last several years, there are various kinds of themes, but, comparatively speaking, global warming, environment protection, space exploring ect. are very widely concerned. I think to a certain extent, movies are commercial products, so it has to try to meet the need of market or public interest, so movies would normally reflect the contemporary problems people face.
8. Have you ever been confused by the difference between the “academic” English you
learned in school and the English used in films? (Explaining)
—Yes, very often actually, because the English I learned in school is standard English with few slang and colloquial expressions. Once I used some phrases I have picked up in the movies in my thesis writing, as a result I got very low score in the language aspect.
9. Do you think watching foreign movies in English can help you (or help people) learn
English? (Giving opinions and reasons)
—Sure, especially for my speaking and listening, the language used in movies are very idiomatic and can be used in daily life, so it is a very good learning resource for the learners who have no opportunity to be exposed to English speaking environment.
10. Can you suggest some ways that the film industry could use to attract a larger audience to their films? (Suggesting)
—Well, there should be many ways that can be used to attract audience. For example, asking the most popular movie stars to act the movie, because many fans will go to watch the movie just because of the stars without thinking of the actual content of the movie. What is more, using modem technology to perfect the audio and video effect is a good way, because nowadays people are very concerned about these of a movie.
Tip 9:注意答案的个性
雅思考试在中国已经有多年了,由于各种版本机经的贡献,绝大多数口语考题考生 在考前都有所了解,并作了相应的准备。但非常遗憾的是,各个考生都互相借鉴甚至抄 袭,最后导致答案千篇一律、过度雷同,使答案太俗套,不具备个性。其结果是,考生
自我感觉良好,但分数差强人意,甚至是大出意料。其实,原因很简单。雅思考核的是 考生对语言的实际运用能力。每个考生的情况不一样,所以在被问到同样一个问题的时 候,答案应该是不一样的。如果完全一样,那么答案就是死记硬背的。这并不是口语能 力的体现而是背诵能力的体现。
如:“How are you?”经常是考官见到考生后常问的问题。很多中国考生习惯性地回答 道:“Fine,thank you,and you?”却不知道这是考官最不喜欢的答案,这个答案在国外几乎 已经成了识别一个中国人的标志了。其实,即便是对这样一个简单的问题,我们也有很多 矛中答法,如:I am ok; Pretty good ; Can,t be better ; I am doing well; I am ok; Just a little nervous 等。考生可以给出很多更具体、更代表当时情况和自己个性的答案。这样会让考官耳目一 新,自然会对考生产生不错的印象。
Tip 10:建立良好第一印象
虽然考试是从考官打开录音设备开始,但是,只要进了考场,考生所说的每一句话都 会影响到考官对考生的第一印象。而这一印象经常是考官给考生定级定分的一个非常重要 的参考依据。而且经常会影响到考官在考试过程中对问题的选择。例如:如果考官对某位 考生的第一印象是该考生英语水平非常有限,那么后面的问题也就会非常简单,这样就从 根本上剥夺了考生拿高分的可能性。所以,考生在进考场后回答的每一个问题,都要符合 口语评分标准,即从语音语调、词汇语法和流畅连贯各个方面做到恰到好处。
Tip 11:注意句型
句型或者语法是四个评分标准中的一个重要标准。所以,在整个考试的过程中,考生 要有意识地变换自己的句型,不要反复使用同样一个句型。不管某个句型多么好,如果反 复使用,同样会反映出考生句型结构多样性不足。更不用说很多考生只会用主谓宾、主系 表结构。如:当考官问道:“Where do you come from?”的时候。很多考生的答案是:“lam from China•”或 “lam from Beijing,the capital of China.” 等,这都体现句型结构不够丰富。 大家要想着如何体现自己语言的潜力和功底,同时又保证语言自然流畅,不至于太过书面 化。如:
Well, I was bom in the city of Yi Chang, which is famous for the Three Gorges.
I am a local man, and I live in Haidian district, my home is very close to the Friendship Hotel, which is one of the most famous hotels in Beijing.
总之,考生要根据自己的实际情况去构思,去想该如何表达自己的这些信息,并反复操练,达到熟练程度,以至考试的时候能不假思索地给出答案。
Tip 12:不要紧张但要有紧迫感
在考试过程中感到紧张是正常的现象。考官也很清楚这一点,所以没有必要告诉考官 “lam very nervous.”。在考试开始以前,考生应该尽量缓解自己的紧张情绪。例如:在等 候考试开始的时候,做几个深呼吸;回忆生活中的趣事;以自我肯定的方式安慰自己等。 在考试的过程中,回答难度较大的问题之前,考生可以利用片刻时间做个深呼吸,稳定自 己的情绪,以求表现得更好。很多考生准备得十分充分,但由于过度紧张导致大脑一片空 白,对任何话题都不能正常发挥。在学习过程中培养自信也非常重要,自信的人往往不会 紧张。
但也有考生显得太过松散。不紧张是好事,有助于超常发挥,但是如果太松散,就 缺少紧迫感,会导致不够流畅、节奏太慢。单位时间内给出的语言样本太少,也会影 响得分。
Tip 13:声音控制很重要
在雅思口语考试中,考生应该注意控制自己的声音大小。既要确保考官能够听清楚, 也要避免声音过大使其烦躁。还要注意,声音应该具有一定的力度,否则会显得缺乏信心。
此外,人们在紧张的时候,语速通常会加快,在考试过程中,尤其是当考生的发音不 够标准时,这可能会妨碍考官听清答案。
总之,考生要想尽一切办法给考官留下良好的印象。尤其是在英语的语音语调,句 型结构,流畅连贯和交际各个方面都要让他觉得你的语言足以到英美国家生存、学习、 甚至工作。所以在学习英语的同时大家也要充分了解西方国家的文化和风俗习惯,让 考官感觉他在和一个懂得英语国家文化的人聊天。达到一种最自然的状态,考试的分 数必然低不了。最后提醒各位考生,必须提前了解考试流程,确保考试万无一失。由 于口语考试的程式具有统一的标准,考官必须按照标准程序提问并引导考试进程,以 确保考试的公平。所以,请务必不要:向考官询问私人问题;在考试结束时询问自己 的得分;要求考官对自己的表现发表评论或给予反馈意见。要从进考场到离开,都给 考官留下一个好印象。