Career-oriented people may gain more wealth. People who pay more attention to their careers will spend more time receiving training to gain up-to-date information about their jobs, and possibly in working to ensure they are good at doing their jobs. If they are capable of doing something their colleagues cannot achieve, they get higher salaries and have a decent quality of life.

1.1.2 A.以事业为重，B.提升自己的能力，C.个人发展

解释（A-B ):技能发展需要练习和重复

举例：时间管理，如何提高整理能力，提高科技能力，沟通能力

举例：敬业的人交流更加频繁，交流技能提高

requires practice and repetition需要练习和重复
manage time时间管理
organisational skills组织能力
computer literacy提高电脑知识
digital technology数字科技能力
Dedicated workers敬业的人

More attention on career rather than families enables people to spend more time on personal development. Skill development requires practice and repetition. They can manage time effectively, keep documents in order and improve other organisational skills as they are familiar with handling work. They can also acquire technical skills, such as computer literacy and using digital technology to complete work, if they attend relevant courses. Dedicated workers also communicate with their colleagues, supervisors and clients more frequently, their communication skills can be improved.

1.1.3 A追求事业，B将自己的想法付诸实际，C社会有很多创新，经济发展

背景：追求事业的人有想法

解释（A-B ):他们有更深的关于行业内，产业内的想法。

解释（B-C ):他们能够突破产业的瓶颈，考虑这个行业可能的积极的变化

relaise their dreams 实现梦想
promote economic growth 促进经济进步
deepen their understanding 加深理解
spot the bottleneck发现瓶颈
creative potential创意潜能

People who are driven by their career ambitions will strive to realise their dreams, most of which are novel ideas that can promote economic growth. As they devote enormous amounts of time to their work, they deepen their understanding of their professions and the industries they work in. They can spot the bottlenecks of the industry and consider some potential changes which can make a positive difference to their fields of work. Their creative potential can be fulfilled and their ideas, if materialised, drive economic growth.

1.2 过分追求事业的坏处

1.2.1 A.忽视了家人，孩子的成长，B.造成他们关系疏离，C.危害家庭成员之间的关系

背景：他们很忙，没有时间陪伴孩子和其他家庭成员

解释（A-B):造成家庭的疏离感

解释（B-C ):家庭成员关系不好，孩子表现差，老人有孤独感

busy schedule 忙碌的行程
accompany 陪伴
expericence a sense of loneliness/isolation 感到孤独/疏离
relationship breakdowns 关系破坏
perform poorly 表现不好

One drawback of spending less time with families is that it will damage family relationships. They have a busy schedule every day, leaving no time to accompany children and other family members to enjoy some leisure activities. They may experience a sense of isolation at home. The instances of relationship breakdowns increase, and children perform poorly at school as they do not receive support from parents in schoolwork. Elderly people struggle with the sense of loneliness as they hardly see their children

1.2.2 A追求事业，B工作太累和压力太大，C不够健康

背景：人们追求事业以健康为代价

解释（A-B ):这些人设立不公平的目标，工作很长时间

解释（B-C ):他们非常担心不能完成目标，会出现饮食混乱，睡眠缺乏等健康问题。

attain career objectives 实现职业目标
at the cost of health 以健康为代价
unattainable obectives 难获得的目标
eating disorder饮食混乱
sleep deprivation睡眠缺乏
health problems健康问题

People may sometimes have to attain their career objectives at the cost of health since they are tired and stressed out. These ambitious people may set bold, and sometimes unattainable objectives, such as earning millions of dollars a year, and to achieve such ambitions, they work long hours. They are worried about the risk of failing to meet deadlines, and suffer from eating disorders, sleep deprivation and health problems caused by inactivity.

1.2.3 A生育下降，B老龄人口上升，C对经济有影响

背景：追求事业的人选择晚生孩子

解释（A-B ):他们觉得组建家庭是个负担，或者对事业进展是威胁，可能30岁以后生孩子

解释（B-C ):这意味着50岁以上的工作者会増多，劳动生产率下降，导致经济缓慢増长。

career ambition 职业抱负
low birth rate 低出生率
start a family 生孩子

People who are obsessed with their career ambitions may choose to have babies later in lives and the low birth rate can damage the economy as the working population is increasingly older. They may regard starting a family as a burden and a threat to career progression. They may not consider having a baby until they are in 30s. Their fertility, however, drops with age, and this means that the proportion of young workers relative to people aged 50 or older will increase. The productivity of the workforce may decline as well, and this can lead to an economic slowdown in the long run.

2 雅思写作家庭工作类观点论据：社交与团队

2.1 现代人们不喜欢社交的原因

2.1.1 A科技发展，B人们使用各种科技方面的娱乐去消磨时间，C不社交

背景：科技给人们的娱乐方式带来了变化，他们可以享受不同形式的娱乐活动。

举例：比如，他们会玩电脑游戏，用手机和朋友聊天，和看电影。所有的活动都能取代常规的选择，比如和朋友去电影院，一起打球，这些活动都包含和其他人的互动。

pass the time 打发时间
forms of entertainment 娱乐方式
enjoy different leisure activities 享受不同的休闲活动
play computer games玩电脑游戏
chat with friends和朋友聊天
use mobile phones 用手机
watch films online 看网上电影
substitue for 替代
conventional choices 传统的选择
go to the cinema with friends 和朋友去影院

People today are less sociable since they can pass the time by using different forms of entertainment. Technology has led to changes in what people do for pleasure, and they can enjoy different leisure activities in isolation. For example, they can play computer games, chat with friends by using mobile phones and watch films online. All these activities substitute for those conventional choices, such as going to the cinema with friends and playing sport together, which involve interactions with others.

2.1.2 A.各种科技让人们可以独立工作，B.完成事情，C.对关系网的依赖减少

背景：科技让人们独立工作，没有人脉也可以执行任务

解释（A-B ):当工作中需要解决问题，他们能在网上找到问题的答案。

解释（A-B ):计算机程序，移动电话应用程序和工具，使他们自己能够处理问题。

解释（B-C )他们不重视参加社交活动来建立人脉

meet new friends 见新朋友
enable people to work independently 使人们独立工作
perform tasks without using social networks 不用社交网络执行任务
come across problems 遇到问题
computer programmes 计算机程序
mobile phone apps and tools 移动电话应用程序和工具
attach importance to 重视
attend networking events 参加社交活动

Another reason is that people do not consider it important to meet new friends. Technology enables people to work independently, and perform tasks without using social networks. Whenever they come across problems at work, they find answers online. There are also computer programmes, mobile phone apps and tools which empower them to deal with everything themselves. They do not attach importance to building a network of contacts by attending networking events, so they tend to be less socially active

2.1.3 A.生活忙，B.需要赶工作任务，C.没有时间交友

背景：人们需要努力工作在激烈的竞争中生存下来

解释（A-B )经理，工程师，办公室职员加班工作才能在最后期限之前完成他们的任务

解释（B-C )他们减少社交时间，因此他们到回家已经非常劳累了

the fast pace of life生活步伐快
survive the cut-throat competition在激烈的竞争中生存下来
handle their workloads处理好他们的工作量
meet the deadline在最后期限截止之前
return home 回家

The fast pace of life also leads to a drop in the time for social life. People have to work hard to survive the cut-throat competition. It is not unusual for managers, engineers and office clerks to work overtime every day to handle their workloads and meet the deadline. The time for socialisation thus dwindles, as they return home tired.

2.1.4 A.人口增长，B.人们参加社会活动认识新朋友的地方少，C.不社交

背景：城市非常拥挤，社交活动的使用地是有限的

举例：过去人们去公园晨跑，参观街区市场，在城市广场看户外音乐秀

解释（A-B )场地都用来盖房了。市民没有机会和社区的其他成员交流

population expansion 人口扩张
open spaces 开放空间
go jogging 慢跑
visit street market 参观街道集市
watch outdoor musical shows 观看户外音乐剧
community activities 社区活动
housing development 房地产开发
city dwellers 市民
talk to other members of community 和其他的社区成员交谈

Population expansion is another reason why people are less interested in mixing with their peers. Cities are overcrowded, and open spaces available for social activities are limited. In the past, people could go jogging in parks, visit street markets and watch outdoor musical shows in city squares, but now these community activities have disappeared as space is used for housing development. City dwellers do not have opportunities to talk to other members of community.

2.2 交友的利与弊

2.2.1 A.花时间社交，B.交很多朋友，C.对人们的职业生涯是有益的

解释（A-B )花时间社交有助于人们交到朋友。
解释 (B-C )人脉网络使人们更容易获得更多的职业发展机会。

举例：比如更好的工作机会和经营一家成功企业的好机会。

具体例子：例如，参加筹款活动可以帮助人们认识政府官员和成功的商人，他们有资源和权力使自己的事业受益。

be beneficial for 对有益
professional life 职业生涯
make more friends 交更多朋友
gain more opportunities 获得工作机会
career progression 职业发展
better job opportunities 更好的工作机会
run a successful business 经营生意很成功
fund-raising event 筹款项目
government officials 政府官员
successful business people 成功的商人
benefit one’s career 有益于职业

Spending time on social life is beneficial for people’s professional life. It can help people make more friends, and a network of contacts makes it easier for people to gain more opportunities for career progression, such as better job opportunities and a good chance of running a successful business. For example, attending a fund-raising event may help people meet government officials and successful business people, who have resources and power to benefit one’s career.

2.2.2 A.社交，B.与别人交流，C.人们能够学习和提高沟通技巧

解释（B-C )需要用礼貌的方式和别人交谈，倾听别人，选择正确的话题或改变话题以便在社交场合受欢迎。

C的深化：这些在社会生活中学习到的技能也将用于他们的工作中。

learn and sharpen communication skills 学习和提升交流能力
talk to others in polite ways 用礼貌的方式和别人交谈
listen to others倾听他人
change subjects转换话题
keep others interested使他人保持兴趣
on social occasions在社交场合

Additionally, people are able to learn and sharpen communication skills when socialising with friends. They will gradually learn that they need to talk to others in polite ways, listen to others, pick the right topics, and change subjects if necessary to keep others interested, if they want to be popular on social occasions. These skills learnt in social life also will be used in their jobs.

2.2.3 A交友，B解压，C对健康有好处

背景：社交生活让人们放松

解释（A-B ):和朋友交流能获得建议和鼓励，对跨过难关有帮助

解释（A-B ):可以去户外活动，也能减压

be of benefit to health 对健康有益
feel relaxed感到放松
lighten their moods缓解他们的情绪
gain some encouragement and advice 获得一些鼓励和建议
difficult situations 困难的环境
outdoor activities户外活动
reduce stress缓解压力

Having a rich social life is also of benefit to health as people feel relaxed when spending time with friends. Talking to friends can lighten their moods as they may gain some encouragement and advice from those who have more experience in handling some difficult situations. On top of this, socialisation involves outdoor activities, from hiking, travelling to jogging together, which can reduce stress.

2.2.4 A.花时间在社交，B.没时间学习和工作，C.浪费可以提升学习和工作技能的时间

解释（A-B )人们出去和朋友玩，没时间学习工作举例：去酒吧，参加派对，一起打游戏浪费时间

解释（B-C )这些时间可以用来学习与工作相关的有用技能。不利于未来的职业发展

a waste of time 浪费时间
hang out with friends 和朋友出去玩
go to the pub 去酒吧
attend parties参加聚会
play video games打电脑游戏
consume valuable time 浪费宝贵的时间
will be harmful for 不利于
professional development 职业发展

But too much time in social life could be a waste of time for people. People who spend more time in hanging out with friends may have less time in working and studying. Going to the pub, attending parties and playing video games together can consume valuable time, which can otherwise be used for learning useful skills related to jobs. This will be harmful for his professional development in the future.

2.2.5 A社交，B认识不好的朋友，C养成不好的习惯

解释（B-C ):负面的同伴压力会迫使人们遵循一些错误的行为，会对一个人的健康产生破坏性影响。举例：抽烟，酗酒，吸毒，疯狂购物

form some negative habits 形成不好的习惯
mix with friends 和朋友混在一起
have good character 具有良好品格
negative peer pressure 不好的同伴压力
have a damaging effect on 有不好的影响
compulsive shopping 强制消费
follow some wrong behavioural norms 遵循一些错误的行为准则
binge drinking 酬酒
taking drugs 吸毒

People may even form some negative habits if they mix with friends who do not have good character. Negative peer pressure can have a damaging effect on one’s well-being, if people are pressured to follow some wrong behavioural norms, such as smoking, binge drinking, taking drugs and compulsive shopping.

2.3 团队工作的利与弊

2.3.1 A.团队合作，B.人们可以一起合作，C.提高工作效率

解释（B-C )人们在擅长的领域有经验，知识，技能可以更快得完成任务

解释（B-C )团队可以集思广益，可以找更好的方法解决问题

C拓展：生产力就可以提高，公司就能获得更多的利润

promote working efficiency 提升工作效率
complete a task 完成任务
be responsible for 为负责
improve productivity 提高生产率
earn more profits 获取更多利润
better solutions to the problem 解决问题的更好方法

Working in a team helps to promote working efficiency. People have experience, knowledge and expertise in different tasks, so they can complete a task faster if they are responsible for part of teamwork at which they are good. Additionally, the team can brainstorm together, and find better solutions to the problem. In this way, productivity can be improved and the company is able to earn more profits.

2.3.2 A团队工作，B有压力提升自己的能力，C对个人发展很好

解释（A-B ):团队中有很多优秀的人，团队的其他成员可以受到鼓舞，学习他们的工作方式和培养同样的工作素质。

对比：如果没有好的示范，人们感受不到提升自己技能的需要

upgrade skills 提升技能
professional development 职业发展
well-disciplined 良好的自制力
behave in the same manner 以同样的方式行事
develop the same qualities 培养同样的品质
role models榜样

Working in a strong group can also push people to upgrade skills for professional development. The team may have some excellent members who are well-disciplined, ambitious and highly productive, so the rest of the team can be inspired to behave in the same manner and develop the same qualities. People who work alone without role models may not feel the need to improve their own skills.

2.3.3 A.团队合作，B.矛盾，并且有一些成员没有能力，C.降低效率

解释（A-B )不同的人有不同想法，就会有矛盾。

解释（A-B )—些团队成员没有能力为团队做出贡献，履行他们的职责。

lower efficiency 降低效率
hold different ideas 有不同观点
breakout 爆发
slow the progress 放慢进度
are not capable of 没有能力
have organisational skills 有组织能力
perform their duties 履行义务

However, teamwork can also lower efficiency in some cases. Different people will hold different ideas about how to complete work, and arguments will break out, which can slow the progress of the whole team. Besides, in one team, some team members are not capable of contributing to the team, or they do not have organisational skills to perform their duties. The poor performance of some people can definitely make the whole team less productive.

2.3.4 A团队工作，B侬赖他人，C不思进取，工作能力没有提高

背景：团队中的一些成员可能愿意承担更大的责任和承担更多的任务。

原因：他们希望团队成功，或者是因为他们受到内部奖励(如个人发展)的驱动。

解释（B-C ):其他一些人倾向于利用勤奋的队友，因此他们失去了专注于工作的动力。

achieve their objectives 获得目标
take greater responsibility and assume more tasks 承担更多责任，完成更多任务
internal rewards 内在奖励
personal developments 个人发展
take advantage of 利用
lose the motivation 失去动力
be dedicated to work 投入于工作

Another danger of working in a team is that people tend to rely on others, instead of working hard to achieve their objectives. Some members of team may be willing to take greater responsibility and assume more tasks, possibly because they want the team to succeed or because they are driven by internal rewards such as personal developments. Some other people, by contrast, tend to take advantage of hardworking teammates, so they lose the motivation to be dedicated to work.

3 雅思写作家庭工作类观点论据：工作、家庭、生活

3.1 生活质量，收入好，解决基本的需求，提升生活质量

解释：生活成本与日俱増，商品越来越消费不起。而高收入，不仅能支付生活基本开支，如水电账单、房贷、孩子学费等，还能用来购买保险和储备养老；而且，收入高，人们还可以度假、买奢侈品或花钱买高科技设备，生活质量得以提升。

give priority to sth.,search for a job, cover basic needs, improve the quality of life, high living costs, afford expenses, house mortgage, buy insurance, prepare for retirement, thanks to, high-paying jobs, take a vacation, afford luxuries, hi-tech gadgets

People give priority to income when searching for a job as income can cover basic needs and improve the quality of life. Living costs are higher than ever and goods are less affordable. With the high income, it is easy for people to afford expenses, such as water and electricity bills, house mortgage, children’s tuition and so on, and the rest can be used to buy insurance and prepare for retirement. Additionally, thanks to the high-paying jobs, people can take a vacation, afford luxuries and spend money on hi-tech gadgets, which can improve the standard of living.

3.2 成就感，提高收入可以给员工成功感

解释：大家一般都觉得一个人的收入反映了他或她对雇主赚钱的价值

如果员工得到更高的薪水，他们会感到自己受到重视，并明白他们的才华、努力和贡献得到了公司的认可。他们会觉得自己的事业进步了，获得了幸福感。

pay rise, increase job satisfaction, create a sense of fulfilment,value to, feel valued be recognised by,advance one’s career,gain a sense of happiness

A pay rise can increase job satisfaction by creating a sense of fulfilment. It is logic to think that one’s income reveals his or her value to the profit-making of the employer. If staff are offered a higher salary, they will feel valued and understand that their talent, effort and contribution are recognised by the company. They will feel that they have advanced their career and gained a sense of happiness.

3.3 生活质量，工作稳定，保障好，有安全感

解释：商业环境日新月异，因此很多人关注工作保障。

有人愿意长期在大公司工作，因为这些公司通常会提供额外福利，如带薪假期、医疗保险，甚至住房福利。雇主也会加入社会养老计划，因此，雇员离开职场后可以享受舒适的退休生活。

a sense of security, provide job-related benefits, business environment,be of concern to sb.,in the workplace, be interested in, work for big companies permanently, provide fringe benefits,paid holidays, medical insurance,housing allowances, pension scheme of the country,enjoy a comfortable retirement

A good job is also expected to give people a sense of security by providing job-related benefits. The business environment is constantly changing, and job security is of concern to many people in the workplace. Some of them are interested in working for big corporations permanently, and these companies normally provide fringe benefits such as paid holidays, medical insurance and even housing allowances. Employers also participate in the pension scheme of the country, so employees can enjoy a comfortable retirement at the end of their working lives.

3.4 社会关系，健康平等

健康和平等的合作关系是好工作的重要指标，因为人们在合作中可以找到归属感。

解释：人有时会自信心不足，如果能一直从同事或上级那得到支持和建议，他们会表现上乘。

当他们表达对公司政策或工作做法的想法时，无需担心被报复或惩罚。因此他们对公司发展和个人职业发展都抱有信心，就会对工作很满意。

healthy and supportive relationships, the key to a satisfying job,a sense of belonging to a strong group, lack confidence in sth.,gain support and advice from sb., perform duties well,express ideas about sth.,work practices, worry about retaliation or punishment, have a positive attitude towards,be satisfied with the job

Healthy and supportive relationships with colleagues and supervisors are also the key to a satisfying job as people find a sense of belonging to a strong group. People sometimes lack confidence in their ability to complete their work. If they gain support and advice constantly from coworkers or superiors, they will be able to perform their duties well. When they express their ideas about company policy or work practices, they do not need to worry about retaliation or punishment. They will have a positive attitude towards the future development of the company as well as have optimism about their career advancement, they will be satisfied with the job.

3.5 专业知识，职业培训，更能应付工作挑战，对工作满意

解释：职业培训是决定员工对工作看法的另一因素。

现代社会竞争激烈，无数求职者进入职场时，不具备足够技巧和知识来处理高难度工作。因而，他们对能提高技能和拓宽知识面很感兴趣。有员工培训体制的公司能吸引渴求事业成功的人。他们有进步的感觉，即使竞争白炽化也会保持积极的心态。

job training,perception of,be highly competitive,enter the workforce, sufficient skills and knowledge,sharpen skills, expand the knowledge base, get prepared for challenges,staff training system, attract people, intend to do sth.,a sense of progress,fierce competition,stay positive

Job training is another factor that determines employees’ perception of a job. The modern world is highly competitive, and countless job-seekers enter the workforce without sufficient skills and knowledge to handle demanding jobs. They are interested in the opportunities to sharpen skills and expand the knowledge base to get prepared for challenges in their careers. If companies have staff training systems, they can attract people who intend to have a successful career. They have a sense of progress and stay positive even when competition is fierce.

3.6 家庭友好政策，工作家庭平衡，员工满意。

解释：大部分员工有孩子，如果为了工作牺牲家庭生活，他们会愧疚和不开心。

他们希望参与孩子的抚养，而不是缺席某些重要事件，如家庭成员的生日会等。如果公司能考虑到这些需求，并能给员工扮演不同角色提供灵活性，那么员工会很忠诚。

family-friendly policies, the key to sth.,job satisfaction,strike a balance between work and life,keep a good mood,feel guilty and unhappy,sacrifice sth. for, be involved in sth.,upbringing of children, be absent from,birthday parities,consider this need, offer flexibility, juggle different roles, inspire loyalty

Family-friendly policies are also the key to job satisfaction as employees can strike a balance between work and life and always keep a good mood. A considerable number of employees have children and they feel guilty and unhappy if they have to sacrifice their family life for their jobs. They want to be involved in the upbringing of children, rather than absent from some major events, such as birthday parties of their family. If companies consider this need and offer workers more flexibility in juggling different roles, it can inspire loyalty.

3.7 个人价值，完成梦想，实现个人价值

解释：大部分年轻人在不需要担心基本生活需求的环境里长大。

他们越来越关注是否能通过达成个人目标和完成梦想而过上有价值的生活。如果公司为他们提供职位、资金或项目以发挥潜力，他们将受到激励，并有动力努力工作。这让他们在工作中有一种深深的满足感。

be popular with sb.,allow sb. to do sth.,achieve ambitions,show talents, a large proportion of people,worry about the access to food, survival needs, be increasingly concerned about,lead rewarding lives,achieve personal targets, reach potential, be stimulated/motivated to do, a sense of contentment

A job can be popular with people if it allows them to achieve ambitions and show their talents. A large

proportion of young people grow up in a world where they do not worry about the access to food, or other survival needs. They are increasingly concerned about whether they can lead rewarding lives by achieving their personal targets and making their dreams come true. If companies offer them positions, capital or projects to reach potential, they will be stimulated and motivated to work hard. This can give them a deep sense of contentment in their jobs.

3.8 自我提升，工作要对社会有意义

解释：如果选择一家公司从事有意义的事业，他们很自豪，而不是关注该职位的经济回报。

他们愿意看到自己的努力和努力对弱势群体的生活质量产生积极的影响，对社会产生影响。当他

们为使世界变得更好而做的事情受到赞扬时，无论他们的收入如何，他们都能获得成就感。

People also consider whether their jobs can contribute to society. They take pride in choosing a company to do something for worthy courses, rather than pay attention to financial rewards of the position. They are willing to see their hard work and effort make a positive difference to the quality of life of disadvantaged people and to the community. They can gain a sense of accomplishment when they receive compliments on something they do to change the world for better, regardless of income.

4 雅思写作家庭工作类观点论据：工作、生活压力

4.1 压力大的原因

4.1 失业率高，经济不好，生活困难，经济压力大

tough economic times, live in poverty

Unemployment and financial difficulties can put strain on people, especially in tough economic times.

4.2 科技发展很快，需要不断学东西

technology is changing rapidly, increase new knowledge

Technology is changing rapidly. People are pressured to increase new knowledge and keep up with the modern world.

4.3 拜金，注重物质财富，喜欢攀比，长时间工作

money-oriented, material possessions, work long hours

People are increasingly money-oriented and obsessed with material possessions. They tend to work long hours. This can put them under pressure.

4.4 时间管理有问题，东西没做完

time management

Poor time management skills can be a cause of stress as well. People feel stressed out if they fail to complete work.

4.5 家庭关系不好，社会生活不好，孤独和压抑

poor family relationships, weak social connections, experience a sense of loneliness

People experience a sense of loneliness due to poor family relationships and weak social connections. This can cause stress.

4.6 缺乏运动和饮食均衡，疾病增加，对未来没有信心

lack of physical activity, do not have a nutritionally balanced diet, prone to health problems, do not have a positive outlook on life

Some people are prone to health problems due to a lack of physical activity and a nutritionally balanced diet. This is a source of stress because they do not have a positive outlook on life.

4.7 如何减少压力？

4.7.1 加强自我管理，提高工作效率

解释：压力来自于无法有效地处理工作负荷：当人们不能有效地完成工作时，他们就会觉得紧张、焦虑、沮丧和害怕。因此，人们应该掌握一些基本技能，如管理时间，制定待办事项清单，在曰历上标明主要的约会和最后期限。这样，他们就能够按时完成所有任务，而不是等到最后一刻才完成工作。

Self-management,arise from, the inability to do, handle workloads,complete work efficiently,feel anxious,feel stressed, feel frustrated, feel scared, acquire basic skills,make a to-do list,mark major appointments on ,leave work undone

Better self-management is definitely the key to stress management. Stress arises from the inability to handle workloads effectively: when people are not able to complete work efficiently, they will feel anxious, stressed, frustrated and scared. For this reason, people should acquire some basic skills, such as managing time, making a to-do list, marking major appointments and deadlines on the calendar, so they are capable of completing all tasks on time rather than leave work undone until the last minute.

4.7.2 身体健康，可以轻松应付压力

解释：健康的人通常都能对慢性压力未雨绸缪。原因一，身体条件好的人一般把事情安排得井然有序，例如：早起和分配时间在家做饭。这意味着他们也规划自己的工作，在最后期限之前可以完成任务。另一个原因是：健康给人以应付压力所必需的能量、耐力和信心。很健康的人可以冷静应对压力，也鲜少会出现精神崩溃。

be well prepared to do sth.,handle chronic stress, enjoy satisfying physical condition, keep everything in order, get up early,allocate time to sth., plan one’s work, meet deadlines, energy, stamina and confidence,cope with stress, a high level of fitness, react to stress calmly, suffer from nervous breakdown

Healthy people are normally well prepared to handle chronic stress. The first reason is that people who enjoy satisfying physical condition keep everything in order, for example, getting up early and allocating time to home-cooking. This means that they also plan their work as well and have no problem in meeting deadlines. Another reason is that health gives energy, stamina and confidence which are required for coping with stress. With a high level of fitness, people react to stress calmly and hardly suffer from any nervous breakdown.

4.7.3 专业知识，冷静处理压力

解释：当人们觉得自己不太可能解决一些问题时，压力会对他们产生毁灭性的影响。唯一预防方法是：増加知识和提高技能。受过良好教育的人，如果在解决棘手问题方面有丰富的经验，就会在面临压力的情况下保持冷静。他们知道用什么方法去解决问题。

have a devastating effect on, be unlikely to do, deal with some problems, prevent sth. from doing,increase knowledge and upgrade skills,well-educated people, have considerable experience, solve thorny problems,how to approach a problem

Expertise also holds the key to stress management. Stress can have a devastating effect on people, when they feel that they are unlikely to deal with some problems. The only way to prevent this from happening is to increase knowledge and upgrade skills. Well-educated people who have considerable experience in solving thorny problems will stay calm in the face of stressful situations. They understand how to approach a problem and solve it.

4.7.4 心理健康和心态，调整期望值，制定合理的目标。

解释：高期望值有时迫使人们追求一些不切实际或无法实现的目标。如果不能达到目标，他们会产生一些消极情绪，沉溺于自我怀疑，这会雪上加霜。如此一来，即便是简单的任务看起来也很有挑战性和很大的压力。所以，人们应该降低期望，设定更多可实现的目标。他们可以轻松地达成期望。

attain their objectives, experience some negative emotions ,indulge in self-doubt, add the stress level,avoid this situation,lower one5s expectations,set more achievable targets,match sth. at ease

Adjusting expectations is also an integral part of dealing with stress. High expectations sometimes pressure people to pursue some unrealistic or unattainable goals. If they fail to attain their objectives, they will experience some negative emotions and indulge in self-doubt, which can add the stress level. In the future, even some easy tasks appear to be challenging and highly stressful. To avoid this situation, people should lower their expectations and set more achievable targets. They can match such expectations at ease.

5 雅思写作家庭工作类观点论据：影响工作满意度的原因

5.1 基本收入是否可以满足基本生活水准，是否可以养活家人，家人是否生活安稳

maintain a basic standard of living, feed the family, live a comfortable life

The salary people earn can determine job satisfaction because with money, they can maintain a basic standard of living, feed the family and live a comfortable life.

5.2 是不是有提升工作，职位提升的机会

job promotions

People are satisfied with a job if they see the prospect of job promotions.

5.3 工作环境是不是轻松、安全、舒适、健康，是不是有好的积极性和心情

relaxing, comfortable, a good mood, positive attitude

Working conditions are important to people who are interested in a relaxing, comfortable office. They can maintain a good mood when working in a well-furnished workplace.

5.4 有没有假期、灵活工作时间去解压，陪伴家人，有社会生活，娱乐和运动

take a vacation, flexible work hours, wind down, enjoy the company of family, have a rich social life

People are happy to work for companies which allow for flexible work hours and offer paid holidays. They can thus have more opportunities to wind down, enjoy the company of family and have a rich social life.

5.5 工作关系，是否可以获得同事和上司的支持

work relationships, colleagues are supportive

Work relationships also affect people’s satisfaction with a job. They want to have supportive colleagues and a good atmosphere in the workplace.

5.6 是否能够获得技术和知识，职业不断发展，在公司决策里占据更重要的地位，有更多的职务

gain skills and knowledge, progress one’s career, play a key role, perform more duties

In a good job, people can gain skills and knowledge to progress one’s career. They desire to play a key role in decision making at some point in the future and perform more duties.

5.7 是否能够找到合适的职位、公司和行业去实现自己的才华，实现自己的梦想

develop one’s talents, realise one’s ambitions

People are happy with accepting a job in which they can develop talents and realise their ambitions.

6 雅思写作家庭工作类观点论据：频繁跳槽的坏处

6.1 不够专注，很难专业

fail to develop expertise

People who change jobs frequently fail to develop expertise because it requires commitment.

6.2 雇主觉得你不够忠诚，不会给很高的工资，也缺乏不断晋升的机会

offer a high salary, climb the corporate ladder

Employers may have doubts about the loyalty of people who have a varied career. Companies are unwilling to offer a high salary. They may find it difficult to climb the corporate ladder.

7 雅思写作家庭工作类观点论据：家中办公的利与弊

7.1 家中办公的好处

7.1.1 不用通勤

reduce the need for commuting

Working remotely can reduce the need for commuting.

7.1.2 雇员不用因为个人原因而离职，譬如说生孩子，搬家，照顾老人等

quit jobs, conceive a child, move to a new home, look after ageing members of family

Without travelling to work every day, people are less likely to quit jobs for personal reasons, such as

conceiving a child, moving to a new home and looking after ageing members of family.

7.1.3 雇员省路费，雇主减少办公室成本

offer savings in transportation, cut overheads

Teleworking offers savings in transportation. Companies can cut overheads if there are few people working in the office.

7.2 家中办公的坏处

7.2.1 和同事缺乏交流，合作

lack communication, cannot work collaboratively

Teleworkers lack communication with colleagues working in the central office, meaning that they cannot work collaboratively.

7.2.2 缺乏交流导致雇员不能够成长，缺乏创新

grow personally, brainstorming, come up with new ideas

People who work from home may miss out some opportunities to grow personally as they are less likely to brainstorm with fellow workers face to face and come up with new ideas.

7.2.3 家庭会影响工作

interfere with performance in the workplace

Families can interfere with performance of people who work remotely as they are distracted from time to time.

1 雅思写作家庭工作类观点论据：家庭与事业

1.1 追求事业的好处

1.1.1 A.追求事业，B.人们能够接受培训，获取工作信息，C.他们能有高薪