1 雅思写作互联网类观点论据：网络购物

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1.1 网络购物的好处

1.1.1 方便快捷

A.网购更方便，B.人们在家购物，C.快递很快

背景：网络购物信息方便，网络有很多网络服商店和在线服务 解释（A-B):互联网给我们及时的购物信息，人们可以在家里买商品和服务 解释（B-C):而现在的快递一两天就可以到达

• online shopping 网上购物
• buying something in physical stores 在实体店买东西
• give us instant access to shopping information让我们及时获得购物信息
• buy goods and services买商品和服务
• place an order 下订单

Online shopping is more convenient than buying something in physical stores. Internet gives us instant access to shopping information on almost all items we intend to buy so people can buy goods and services from the comfort of their homes. Online stores operate 24 hours a day, allowing people to place an order whenever they like. Besides, the delivery is very fast now, and it just takes one or two days to deliver parcels to buyers’ home.

1.1.2 提高生活质量

A.网络购物，B.比较便宜，C.提高生活质量

背景：网店一般不需要租金，人工费，所以可以降低成本，价格也便宜 解释（b-c)人们能在网上发现物有所值，有更多的可支配收入，提升生活的标准

• bricks-and-mortar ones砖块和石灰（指实体的店铺）
• lower cost of operating运营的低价best
• value for money 性价比很高
• have more disposable income 有更多可支配的收入
• improve the standard of living提高生活标准

A lower price is another benefit of online shopping. Online stores usually spend less on rent, overheads and wages than bricks-and-mortar ones, so shop owners can lower the cost of operating, thus offering products at a lower price. People can find the best value for money on the Internet and have more disposable income, which can improve the standard of living.

1.1.3 促进就业

A网络商务，B更多人创业，C对经济有好处

解释（A-B)网店低起步成本会吸引更多年轻的企业家，他们用一些电子平台将商品和服务放在网上。他 们可以在家工作，而不是租办公室。与此同时，他们不需要有大量的存货，因为他们不需要在商店里面展 示所有的商品

解释（B-C)当小生意涌现，就能制造更多的工作和大众消费也会上升。这两项都有助于经济发展。

• spur economic growth 刺激经济增长
• set up an online business 开展网上生意
• low star-up cost 低 起步成本
• attract numerous young business 吸引很多年轻的企业家
• put their products and services online把他们的产业和服务放在网上
• use more e-commence platforms使用更多的电子平台
• work from home在家工作
• rent an office租一个办公室
• have a big inventory有大量的存货
• display all merchandise in a shop 在店铺展示所有的商品
• spring up涌现
• consumer spending 大众消费
• benefit the economy对经济有好处

The growing popularity of online shopping can spur economic growth as more people are encouraged to set up an online business. The low start-up cost can attract numerous young entrepreneurs, who can put their products and services online by using some e-commerce platforms. They can work from home, instead of renting an office. Meanwhile, they do not need to have a big inventory, as they do not have to display all merchandise in a shop. They can start buying products from suppliers when customers place an order. As small businesses spring up, more jobs are created and consumer spending increases. Both benefit the economy.

1.2 网络购物的弊端

1.2.1 商品质量问题

A.网上购物，B.买家抱怨产品，C.很多诉讼

解释（A-B):网上卖家熟练地运用各种软件，比如photoshop修图，提升产品的形象，买家发现他们买 的产品没有展现的好。

解释（A-B):网上生意可能不及时提供换货，当人们不满意他们买的东西。

解释（A-B ):网上零售商的售后服务表现的可能不好，比如維修保养

• consumer right issues 消费者权利的问题
• shop online 网上购物
• online sellers 网上卖家
• improve the image of their products 改善产品形象
• provide refund or replacements 提供退款或替换
• online retailers 网上零售商
• after-sales services 售后服务
• maintenance and repair 维修保养

The number of consumer right issues will increase dramatically as more people choose to shop online. Many online sellers are skilled in using software such as photoshop to improve the image of their products, but buyers complain that the products they purchase are not as good as shown online. Besides, online businesses may not provide refund or replacements promptly when consumers are not satisfied with what they buy. Finally, online retailers may not perform well in after-sales services, such as maintenance and repair.

1.2.2 网络诈骗

A网络购物，B经济诈骗，C造成损失

解释（A-B):人们在网络上交易，输入密码就可以用自己的账户，但是系统被黑客入侵，金融信息就会泄 漏，钱被转走。

解释（A-B):在中国这些国家，电子支付发展很快，人们扫码就可以支付，如果罪犯盗取这个信息，就会 丟钱。

• conduct transactions 交易
• enter pin numbers 输入密码
• the system is hacked 系统被黑客入侵
• money is transferred 钱被转走
• e-payment services 电子支付

Using electronic devices or websites to buy products can also expose users to cyber crimes. They conduct transactions online and access their bank accounts by entering pin numbers due to its convenience and fast speed, but if the system is hacked, their financial information can be stolen by criminals and money is transferred without their consent. In some countries such as China, e-payment services have developed rapidly: with a scan of reader by tap-and-go card or just simply by entering password, people can make a payment immediately. If this kind of information is intercepted by criminals, they also risk losing money.

1.2.3 破坏环境

A网购，B大量购物，C环境有伤害

背景：互联网渗透在许多国家都增加了，意味着人们每天花很多时间上网。他们接触到网店的商业信息， 包括折扣，礼物券，还有其他的销售手段。

解释（B-C)他们会买各种各样的产品，比如电子产品，会带来垃圾。

解释（B-C)更严重的是。当网上购物的产品被包装运输，对塑料和包装的需求会激增。这会加剧废物的管理问题

• E-commence boom 电子商务热潮
• be a threat to the environment 对环境有害
• compulsive shopping 强制消费
• internet penetration 互联网丨参入
• be exposed to 暴露于
• commercial information 商业信 息
• online stores 网上商店
• electronic devices 电子装置
• create waste 制造废物
• the demand for 有.. 的需求
• compound the waste management problem加剧废物管理的问题

The e-commerce boom is also a threat to the environment as it promotes compulsive shopping. Internet penetration has increased significantly in many countries, meaning that people spend hours surfing the Internet every day. They are exposed to commercial information of online stores, including discounts, gift vouches and other sales pitches. They may buy different products, such as electronic devices, which can create waste. Even worse, as products bought online are packaged for delivery, the demand for plastic and cupboard packaging will surge. This can compound the waste management problem.

1.2.4 挤压实体店铺

A网购，B很多实体店会消失，C影响社区生活

背景：在某些当地的商店购物已经成为了一些社区生活文化的一部分，因为居民来这些商店购买一些家用 产品。他们在购物中与售货员交流

解释（A-B)网络购物的爆炸性增长改变了这一局面。因为人们在舒适的家庭中购买，他们更不可能惠顾 当地的商店

• online shopping 网上购物
• the sense of community 社区感
• physical stores 实体店
• shut down 关闭

The fast growth of online shopping can undermine the sense of community as some physical stores will be shut down. Shopping in some local shops has been part of the fabric of some communities, as residents visit these shops to buy some household products. They talk to attendants during shopping trips. This has been changed by the explosive growth of online shopping. As people buy whatever they need in the comfort of their homes, they are less likely to patronise local stores.

2 雅思写作互联网类观点论据：网络教育

2.1 网络教育的好处

2.1.1 方便学习

A.网络教育非常方便，B.随时随地听课，C.学生可以随时随地学习

背景：网络教育非常方便，可以随时随地参加远程课程，不需要参加一个传统的教育课程。

解释（A-B)他们可以选择对他们有用的网络资源，利用碎片化时间听课

解释（举例）学生可以用电子图书馆找到学术期刊，如果他们在作业上有任何问题，他们可以找一些网站去找答案

• E-learning 网上学习
• take distance learning courses 参加远程学习课程
• attend lessons in a traditional educational setting在传统的教育行业参加课程
• choose online resources选择线上资源
• journal articles 期刊义章
• use search engines of some educational websites 用一些教育网站的搜索引擎

The first advantage of E-learning is its convenience. Students can take distance learning courses and study whatever and whenever they want. They do not need to attend lessons in a traditional educational setting. Besides，they can choose online resources which are useful for them. For example, they can find journal articles by using digital libraries, and if they have any question in their studies, they can use search engines of some educational websites to find answers.

2.1.2 降低教学成本

（A-B ):网络课程可以被提前录好，然后一旦被放在网上可以被数万个学习者 反复观看，有些宣传材料可以产生流量所以可以免费。解释（A-B ):还有一些老师在家用电脑 上课。他们在家里工作，所以开课的成本是可以忽略的，和实体公司相比。

• attend online lessons 参加线上课程
• traditional courses 传统课程
• can be viewed repeatedly 可以被 反复观看
• self-employed teachers独立的老师
• work from home在家工作
• run a course开课
• manage a bricks-and-mortar company 管理实体的公司

Another benefit of attending online lessons is that they are usually cheaper than traditional courses provided by those educational institutions. Online lessons are prerecorded and can be viewed repeatedly by millions of learners, once put online. Some of them are used basically as promotional material to generate traffic, so they are available for free. There are also some self-employed teachers teaching lessons on the Internet. They work from home, and the cost of running a course is negligible compared with managing a bricks-an-mortar company. This is why they are willing to charge a small amount of money for the course fee.

2.1.3 共享名师资源

A网络教育，B可以不受地域限制，上其他城市名师的课，C减少资源不对称的问题

背景：因为学习资源在每个地域都不一样，比如在一些偏远城市无法吸引一些优质的有经验的老师，由于 经济发展缓慢和不好的生活条件

解释（B-C)这个问题可以被解决，只需要上网的地方就能听网课，解决了资源不对称的问题

• distance learning 远程学习
• address educational inequality 解决教育不平等
• renowed teachers 知名老师
• have access to 有权限…
• the avaliability of learning resources 教育资源的可获得性
• remote villages 遥远的山村
• attarct well-qualified and experienced instructors 吸引合格的有经验的老师
• slow economic growth 缓慢的经济增长
• poor living conditions 不好的生活条件
• have access to the internet可以上网

Distance learning can also address educational inequality as people can attend lessons of renowned teachers of other cities on the Internet and have access to the same learning opportunities. The availability of learning resources differs from region to region, and some areas, such as remote villages, fail to  attract well-qualified and experienced instructors due to slow economic growth and poor living conditions. This problem can be tackled if students of these areas have access to the Internet.

2.2 网络教育的弊端

2.2.1 老师无法监督学生

A网络教育，B缺乏老师的监督，C效果不好

背景：老师在上网课可能不能看到学生的反应，除非有视频聊天功能。

解释（A-B):这样的话，他们可能会被游戏，电影打扰 解释（B-C)如果学生不能理解课堂的内容，他们考试会很难考过

• learning outcomes 学习成果
• concentrate on 关注
• fail the exam 考试不通过
• observe the responses of students 观察学生
• use the video charting function 用视频聊天功能
• understand class content 理解 课堂内容

The main disadvantage of e-learning is that learning outcomes may be limited if students cannot concentrate on lessons without supervision of teachers. Teachers during an online lesson may not be able to observe the responses of students, unless they use the video chatting function. For this reason, they are not able to intervene, even when students are distracted, for example, by a film or game online. If students are not able to understand class content, they will fail the exam.

2.2.2 缺少交流互动

A.网络教育不完整，B.学生和老师交流有限，C.学生得到传统教育的好处

背景：网络课程不像传统学校一样有那么多功能

解释（A-B)远程教育包括使用电子交流方式去传授知识，学生和老师交流有限

举例：他们不能参加不同的班级活动，学习交流技巧，或者不能通过学习校规来分辨好坏行为

• online lessons 网络课程
• a broad range of functions 有很多功能
• the use of electronic means of communication 使用电子交流功能
• impart knowledge to students 传授知识给学生
• education system 教育系统
• learn communication skills 学习交流的技巧
• engage in different classroom activities参加不同的课堂的活动
• the distinction between good and bad behaviour好和不好的差别

Another disadvantage of online lessons is that they fail to perform a broad range of functions as traditional school does. Distance learning involves the use of electronic means of communication to impart knowledge to students, and students have limited interactions with instructors and classmates. They are not able to derive other benefits from the education system as students of traditional schools do. For example, they may not learn communication skills by engaging in different classroom activities, or the distinction between good and bad behaviour by following school rules.

2.2.3 影响身体健康

A.上网课，B用电脑和手机，C带来健康问题 解释（B-C)人们长期盯着电脑屏幕会近视

解释（B-C)会加剧肥胖的流行，因为它鼓励我们不运动，待在家里而不是去学校

• cause health problems 带来健康问题
• stare at computer screen for a long time 盯着电脑屏幕
• suffer from near sightedness 近视
• exacerbate the obesity epidemic 加剧肥胖的流行
• lead an active life 过 积极的生活
• stay at home待在家里
• goto school去学校

Using computers or mobile phones to take lessons can also cause health problems. People who stare at computer screen for a long time might suffer from near sightedness. Meanwhile, it may also exacerbate the obesity epidemic, as it encourages people to lead an inactive life, staying at home, rather than going to school.

3 雅思写作互联网类观点论据：电脑、手机的使用对社会关系的影响

3.1 疏远人际关系

A.手机和电脑，C使得人们的关系变得疏离

背景：因为人们常常会关注手机和电脑，而不是面对面的与人交流

举例：家长下班玩手机不管孩子，孩子也沉迷玩游戏，缺少交流，这样大家感觉很疏远

• hurt social relationships 伤害社会关系
• face-to-face communication 面对面交流
• care for the children 关心孩子
• indulge in playing computer games 电脑游戏上瘾
• treat their parents with respect 尊重父母
• a lack of interaction 缺乏互动
• experience a sense of isolation 感到疏离

The reliance on computers and cellphones can hurt social relationships. People focus on their laptops and mobile phones rather than face-to-face communication. For example, adults concentrate on checking emails and writing reports on the laptop without caring for their children, while children indulge in playing games and do not treat their parents with respect . Due to a lack of interaction, they may experience a sense of isolation at home.

3.2 方便沟通交流

A使用手机，B交流更加方便，C关系的維护

背景：人们可以用手机和电脑随时随地交流

解释（A-B)即使他们住在另一个城市和国家，他们可以用视频聊天功能看到对方。地理位置无法破坏他 们的关系

• maintain the relationship 维护关系
• communicate with their friends 和朋友交流
• use smartphones and computers 用手机和电脑
• use video chatting programmes 用视频聊天功能
• geographic locations 地理位置
• damage relationships损害关系

Electronic devices can help maintain the relationship between families and friends. People can communicate with their friends or family by using smartphones and computers anytime and anywhere. Even though they live in different cities or even countries, they can see each other by using video chatting programmes. Geographic locations would not damage their relationships.

3.3 扩大朋友圈

A使用手机和电脑，B社交软件交到朋友，C朋友圈更大

解释（A-B):人们可以和互联网用户交流，留下评论或者创造好自己的主页 解释（A-B):他们可以加入群聊，找志趣相投的朋友

解释（B-C)虽然他们不能再现实生活中见面，但是他们成功地建立来更多联系

• communication technology 交流科技
• make new friends 交新朋友
• use some social networking apps and websites 用社交网络的应用和网络
• leave comments on posts or create their own profiles 在帖子上留下评论和创造个人主页
• join some online discussion groups参加到网上群聊
• common interests 共同爰好

It is sometimes argued that communication technology can help people make new friends more easily by using some social networking apps and websites. People can talk to other Internet users easily on social media websites by leaving comments on posts or creating their own profiles. They can also join some online discussion groups and find people who have common interests. They may not meet each other in real life, but they have successfully developed more connections.

4 雅思写作互联网类观点论据：电脑、手机的使用对交流能力的影响

4.1 增进交流

A手机视频和语音聊天，B增加交流，C提高表达能力

背景：交流变得容易和简单，使用语音、email、视频聊天

解释（B-C)人们更多机会去使用语言在不同语境下表达自己的看法，也可以从别人那里的语言使用得到 一些启发因此提高表达能力

• improve people’s communicative skills 提高表达能力
• draw inspiration 汲取灵感
• sharpen their language skills提高语言技能

Electronic devices such as phones and computers can help improve people’s communicative skills. Technology has made interactions easier and more frequent as people can use voice messages, emails and video chatting whenever they like. They are able to use language to communicate their ideas in different contexts and to draw inspiration from the language use of other communicators, thereby sharpening their language skills.

4.2 提高写作能力

A用手机应用，B不断写作，C提高写作能力

解释（A-B)许多人开始更多地发微博和在朋友圈上发言，运用文字记录自己的生活 解释（A-B)并且有些人开始运用邮件和同事，上司沟通 解释（B-C):提高人们处理正式信函的能力，并且有创意文字

• improve people’s writing skills 提高写作能力
• keep a record of their personal lives 记录个人生活
  exchange messages 交流信息
• produce creative writing 创意写作
• handle formal correspondence 处理正式信函

Additionally, phones and computers also improve people’s writing skills. Mobile phone apps encourage them to write blogs or post their views on social networking apps to keep a record of their personal lives. Meanwhile, they also tend to write emails to exchange messages with colleagues and supervisors. These communication practices improve their ability to handle formal correspondence and produce creative writing.

4.3 写作能力下降

A.使用手机电脑，B.使用各种语言工具，C.写作能力下降

解释（B-C):表情包越来越被大多数人所使用，大家对于使用单词和句子去表达能力下降 解释（B-C):电子通讯手段让我们交流速度加快，我们很快纠错，我们对错误的容忍度会更高解释（B-C):很多自动拼写和自动糾错功能，人们会依赖它，缺乏自己写出无错句子的能力

• undermine users’ writing skills 写作能力下降
• increase the efficiency of communication 提高交流效率
• express their feelings and convey ideas 传达想法和感受
• written communication 书面交流
• develop or maintain the ability to write error-free sentences 提高或者保持写没有错误的句子的能力

The use of electronic devices might undermine users’ writing skills, although it can increase the efficiency of communication. Emoji and emoticons are increasingly used by people, so they find it difficult to express their feelings and convey ideas by language. Electronic means of communication allow people to communicate swiftly and correct mistakes immediately; for this reason, they are more tolerant of mistakes in written communication. Finally, they rely heavily on the auto-spelling and auto-checking functions of these communication technologies and fail to develop or maintain the ability to write error-free sentences.

4.4 影响交流能力

A使用电脑，B不面对面交流，C.影响交流能力

背景：面对面的交流需要不断练习。

解释（A-B):喜欢网络交流或者手机交流，很少见面。

解释（B-C):很多人就不够自信

举例：不知道怎么开始聊天，不知道看对方是不是喜欢这个话题，不知道怎么让交流更加有趣，也不知道 如何交流让别人更加舒服

• have an adverse effect on 有不好的影响
• deal with face-to-face meetings 处理面对面的会议
• interpret the facial expressions or body language 理解面部和身体语言
• start a conversation 开始对话

New communication technology can have an adverse effect on our face-to-face communication skills because it can make us less sociable. The development of communication skills requires practice, and people are less willing to talk to each other in person, as they can communicate online or via the phone. The consequence is that they are not confident in dealing with face-to-face meetings, for example, how to start a conversation and how to interpret the facial expressions or body language to identify whether another person likes this topic or not. It is also difficult for them to keep the talk engaging and use words which make others comfortable.

4.5 影响阅读能力

A用沟通工具沟通，B改变交流习惯，C影响阅读能力 解释（A-B)人们习惯于短句、病句去交流，在意效率

解释（A-B)网络和手机让我们习惯了不断接受到新的信息，我们的注意力很难集中，不再有耐心去看长 的文章

解释（B-C):词汇量不大，理解不了长句子

• degrade our reading skills 降低阅读技能
• grammatically incorrect sentences 语法错误句
• show patience in 有耐心
• concentrate their attention on 专注
• show patience in 有耐心
• comprehend complex sentences effectively 迅速理解复杂句
• communication tools 淘通工具

The development in communication tools can also degrade our reading skills. We are used to communicating by using short or even grammatically incorrect sentences because we are encouraged to save time in communication. People who use smartphones and the Internet on a daily basis are constantly stimulated by new information, so it is difficult to concentrate their attention on or show patience in reading long articles. They may not be able to comprehend complex sentences effectively and develop a huge vocabulary.